Unveiling the Main Frames of Islamophobia: Insights from Spanish Experts through Delphi Research

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5209/emp.96621
Keywords: Islamophobia, hate speech, Delphi, Framing, prospective research

Abstract

Since the Gaza war began on October 7th, there has been a surge in anti-Arab and anti-Muslim bias worldwide. This paper explores the complex social issue of Islamophobia from a framing perspective, and proposes a new methodological approach based on a Delphi research with Spanish experts in the field to better understand the complexities of anti-Muslim rejection. Among two rounds, experts reached a consensus on certain conceptual issues but noted differences in Islamophobia targeting. They recognized the influence of religion, sexual orientation, sex, skin color, and ethnicity in shaping anti-Muslim speech. The study also highlighted challenges in distinguishing between conflicting scenarios like gender versus race-ethnicity, illegality versus crime, and invasion versus terrorism. Overall, this research sheds light on the nuances of Islamophobia as a multidimensional concept. Additionally, it aims to offer timely framework to improve journalistic treatment of this phenomenon, based on experts’ opinions.

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Author Biographies

Rocío Zamora Medina, Universidad de Murcia

Rocío Zamora-Medina (PhD) is an assicuate professor at the University of Murcia (Spain). She has published around 70 refereed journal articles and two dozen book chapters and is co-author of five books in the field of politicals communication and campaigning online. Her research focuses on innovationsin digital campaigns as well as on new scenarios for digital political communication. She has been a visiting fellow overseas and also at more than 20 European universities. 

Pilar Garrido Clemente, Universidad de Murcia

Pilar Garrido Clemente (Phd) is an internationally reowned scholar in the fields of sufism, Islamic teaching and Sufism, history of the Arab world and al-Andalus, Arabic language and its didactics, modern Arabic poetry, Arabic historiography, comparative literature through Arabic poetry, comics and series as a tool for knowledge of the Arab world and Islamophobia. She has published over 100 refereed articles and book chapters, in addition to six books. Garrido has won several intertanional research awards (Unesco, Tiro Fundation...). She has given several speeches,  her global engagemets include scholar and profesional visits to more than 30 countries and has organized and directed multiple international conferences and seminars. He leads several international academic and social intervention projects (FAMA, ECO.).Unesco Elissa Didòn Award, to the female Laureate of the North of the Mediterranean. This Recognition is granted for his “scientific career and his concern for the Arab world and their integration”

Shahira S. Fahmy

Shahira Fahmy (Phd) is an internationally reowned scholar in the fields of visual communication and peace journalism. She has published over 100 refereed journal articles and book chapters, in addition to four books. Fahmy has won several intertanional research awards. She has given several keynote speeches, and her global engagemets include professional visits to more than 30 countries. Fahmy received two Fulbright awards to work with the NATO Strategic Commmunication Center of Excellence in the Baltics and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. 

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Published
2024-09-26
How to Cite
Zamora Medina R., Garrido Clemente P. y S. Fahmy S. (2024). Unveiling the Main Frames of Islamophobia: Insights from Spanish Experts through Delphi Research. Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico, 30(3), 583-599. https://doi.org/10.5209/emp.96621
Issue
Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Section
Research and Documents

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