What can artistic research contribute to General Didactics?
Abstract
INTRODUCTION. In the current social and educational context there is a need to improve the teaching and training of teachers and educators. General Didactics is the discipline of reference for both objects of study. This essay critically assumes that this discipline can be epistemologically redefined. It is questioned whether, from its consideration as the art of teaching, it could be completed with the epistemology of the Arts. The aim is to investigate the epistemology of artistic research and to deduce possible enrichments of General Didactics. METHOD. In order to respond to the objective, a pedagogical essay is elaborated that responds to a dialectic and hermeneutic methodology (Ricoeur, 1985), differentiating between what is questioned and what is proposed as a requirement of complementarity. It is developed in three moments: critical questioning of General Didactics, enquiry into epistemology in the Arts and its transfer to the foundations and methods of General Didactics. RESULTS. Artistic research in its two approaches - art-based research (IBA) and research in artistic creation (ICA) - enriches General Didactics and its objects of study, with complementary and pertinent foundations and methodologies. DISCUSSION. The inclusion of the artistic paradigm in General Didactics could be an epistemological opportunity for this discipline, by opening up to more generous perspectives of knowledge towards art (Eisner, 1998), since the arts are substantively education (Touriñán, 2023). CONCLUSIONS. The broadening of the research perspective in General Didactics towards the approaches of the artistic paradigm defines a possibility of epistemological evolution of the discipline. The fundamental avenues of development, applicable to its objects of study, are sensitivity, complexity, consciousness and humanisation. Overall, they justify and validate the artistic understanding of General Didactics as an art of teaching, complementary to the social science of teaching for education or training.
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