University dropouts and mental health: A comparative analysis of LGB and heterosexual students

Abstract

Introduction. University dropout is a multifaceted phenomenon, exhibiting varied patterns that are contingent on the socio-demographic characteristics of the student community. This research focuses on sexual orientation, a factor that has received limited attention in the field of dropout. Utilising the Sexual Minority Stress Theory as a theoretical framework, this study explores the influence of mental health on university dropout rates. The objective is to analyse whether the intention to drop out is higher among LGB (Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual) students than among their heterosexual peers and whether this is due to the poorer mental health experienced by this group. Method. To this end, a sample of 510 university students (79.8% heterosexual and 20.2% LGB) aged between 17 and 27 years were interviewed, with the intention of dropping out (through a dichotomous item) and their perception of mental health (through the DASS-21 questionnaire). Data were analysed using descriptive and regression statistics with the SPSS v.25 statistical package. Results. LGB students exhibited a higher intention to drop out in comparison to their heterosexual peers, with 41.7% and 29.5%, respectively, and demonstrated higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression. Depression accounted for 18.9% of the intention to drop out among LGB students and 15.6% among heterosexual students. Discussion. The findings suggest that LGB students may constitute a vulnerable group within the educational system, with mental health being a salient factor that may influence the decision-making process that culminates in university dropout.