Haptic evaluation of geometric textures in inclusive graphic materials: insights for multimodal communication and learning

Abstract

The following article presents the results of a study that evaluates digitally generated geometric textures applied to inclusive graphic materials, with the purpose of identifying which formal parameters—shape, height, density, directionality, and order—enhance the discrimination, recognition, and interpretation of embossed information by students who are blind or have low vision.
A set of 18 geometric textures was designed in transparent PVC, selected in collaboration with blind experts and used in comparative, discriminatory, and ordering tests, along with interpretation exercises involving tactile images and embossed maps. Evaluations were conducted with children and adolescents who are blind or have severe visual impairment, all experienced in Braille and tactile graphics.

The findings indicate that tactile textures, when interpreted háptically, enable the identification and association of shapes and structures that convey graphic information, while also enhancing perceptual discrimination and enriching the user’s cognitive experience with an additional esthesic appeal. The study offers criteria and parameters for the future development of tactile materials aimed at inclusive education and multimodal learning for visually impaired users.