Health Education in Early Childhood Education: Key Elements for Its Inclusion in Classroom

Abstract

This article examines whether the first superilles built in the city of Barcelona promote the rights of girls, boys, non-binary children, and adolescents to inhabit, transform, and enjoy urban space from an ecofeminist perspective. It starts from the concept of "right to the city" (Lefebvre, 1968; Tonucci, 1997, and Harvey, 2012) and ecofeminist urbanism (Colectiu Punt6, 2020; Proactivas, 2022, and Muxi, 2019 and 2023), which questions the traditional urban model for being androcentric, adult-centric, and insufficiently inclusive -or even exclusionary- highlighting structural inequalities and proposing an urban model centered on care, sustainability, and social justice. After a theoretical introduction, five key dimensions are established to guide the analysis of the superilles in the neighborhoods of Poblenou, Horta, and Sant Antoni: walkability, playability, naturalness, diversity, and health. The analysis reveals significant advances in terms of accessibility, play spaces, natural areas, and public health. However, limitations are also identified, such as low citizen participation in design processes, limited engagement by adolescents and youth, and a partial implementation of ecological principles. All this leads to the conclusion that, while superilles represent a potentially transformative tool, their effectiveness depends on a more inclusive, participatory implementation adapted to the real needs of the citizenry as a whole.