Why Morphology Matters for Reading and Spelling Development: A Theoretical and Empirical Perspective in Individuals With and Without Dyslexia
- Estelle Ardanouy University of Geneva
- Pauline Quémart Université de Nantes
Resumen
Si bien la fonología es un componente fundamental en la adquisición de la lectura y la ortografía, otras habilidades lingüísticas más amplias, como la morfología, también desempeñan un papel crucial. Al mismo tiempo, los déficits fonológicos son ampliamente reconocidos como una característica central de la dislexia del desarrollo, lo que dificulta la segmentación de palabras en fonemas y contribuye a los desafíos en la lectura y la escritura. Sin embargo, el procesamiento morfológico se encuentra relativamente preservado en esta población. Este artículo revisa estudios que destacan el papel de las unidades morfológicas en la lectura y la ortografía durante el desarrollo típico y en individuos con dislexia. También se presentan estudios que muestran que el entrenamiento en conciencia morfológica puede mejorar las habilidades de lenguaje escrito en personas con dislexia. A lo largo del manuscrito, nos basamos en la teoría del tamaño del grano psicolingüístico, que proporciona un marco teórico valioso para comprender los factores que pueden influir en el procesamiento de las unidades morfológicas en la lectura y la ortografía. Asimismo, se ofrecen ejemplos concretos de intervenciones basadas en el entrenamiento morfológico dirigidas a los clínicos.
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