Le statut de la copule dans les constructions copulatives en espagnol
Abstract
In this article, we show that, contrary to french, there are two different copula-verbs in Spanish, ser and estar, which constitute with the predicate the dissociate nucleus of the verbal syntagme of the copulative structures. After a contrastive study, we propose an innovating hypothesis, that the verbs ser and estar be interpreted like linguistic signs, as significant as the linguistic forms which can substitute them. We conclude applying for a (re)definition of the status of the copula-verb, that would take into consideration three combined criterions: the semantics, the morphological and the syntactical.En español:En este artículo, mostramos que el español, a diferencia del francés, tiene dos verbos copulativos, ser y estar, que constituyen con el atributo el núcleo disociado del predicado de las construcciones copulativas. Tras un análisis contrastivo, proponemos como hipótesis nueva que los verbos ser y estar sean interpretados como signos lingüísticos, con las dos caras inseparables que son el significante y el significado, al igual que sus sustitutos parafrásticos. En conclusión, abogamos por una redefinición del estatuto de la cópula, que combinaría los criterios semántico, morfológico y sintáctico.
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