Descriptive study of doctoral theses on art therapy in Spain. A reflection of national research
Abstract
Art therapy has demonstrated its value across various healthcare, educational, and community contexts. In Spain, however, its development faces challenges such as the need for greater institutional support and scientific evidence. This study analyzes the methodological and epistemological characteristics of doctoral theses in the field of art therapy in Spain, reflecting the national research landscape. It addresses their evolution, areas of application, and contributions to the consolidation of the discipline.
A search was conducted in the Teseo and Dialnet databases, complemented by a manual search, using specific terms related to art therapy. Of 178 identified theses, 71 met the inclusion criteria. A list was compiled including the title, author, university, year of defense, and area of application. The theses were classified based on the type of research (primary/secondary), methodological paradigm (quantitative, qualitative, andmixed), and research designs employed, along with other relevant indicators.
The results reveal a significant increase in the number of works, particularly since 2016. Qualitativeapproaches (33 theses) predominated, followed by theoretical (16), mixed (12) and quantitative approaches(9). The most common designs focus on the analysis and evaluation of clinical experiences, through casestudies (28), evaluative research (19) and narrative and participatory methods (17). Additionally, 3 randomizedcontrolled trials, 10 quasi-experimental or pre-post studies, and a number of art-based or art history researchstudies were identified, highlighting the specificity of the discipline.
The research landscape reflects the gradual consolidation of art therapy in Spain. However, to strengthenits validity, it is crucial to promote studies with greater methodological rigor. Institutional support, researchtraining, and international collaboration are emphasized as key elements for future development, along withsuggestions and recommendations for further research.
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