Art Therapy in Europe. A brief overview of its origins. Foundations and currents

Abstract

This chapter offers a panoramic overview of the historical, disciplinary, and professional development of art therapy in Europe, from its origins to its current consolidation. It identifies the main milestones that have shaped its evolution, from the early manifestations of art’s therapeutic value to the contemporary configuration of the discipline. The article is structured into four sections addressing: the origins of art used for therapeutic purposes, the institutionalization of art therapy as a distinct practice, its expansion and consolidation within the European context, and current challenges in the professional, educational, and research fields. The conclusions highlight the significant growth of art therapy in recent decades, both in its academic and scientific recognition and in its application across social, educational, and clinical-health contexts. Its multidisciplinary nature, integrative value, and positive impact evidenced in numerous studies are emphasized. However, the need to strengthen coordination among European entities, promote professional integration, advance accreditation and standardization of training programs, and ensure greater institutional and financial support is also noted. In summary, art therapy in Europe today represents a growing field, with increasing presence in higher education, professional practice, and scientific research, contributing significantly to physical, emotional, and social well-being.