Transforming rural areas through ICTs: A gender perspective on the new rurality

Abstract

Introduction: The massive irruption of teleworking in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a transformation of rural environments giving an impetus to the process of return of young people, this phenomenon is called the New Rurality. Objectives: The aim of this article is to identify the gender biases they perceive and manifest, and those they do not, with reference to the sexual division of labour and the role of ICTs in rural life today. Methodology: To this end, a qualitative methodology was employed through 15 semi-structured biographical interviews with women and men between 25 and 45 years of age who have returned to rural areas in the areas of Spain that suffer the greatest depopulation. Results: Through the analysis of participants' main discourses, we identify the keys for their return: quality of life, rootedness and environment; perceived gender gaps, particularly with regard to the sexual division of work and leisure; the fundamental role of ICTs in this New Rurality; and, finally, the slow emergence of new masculinities and femininities in the rural environment. Discussion and Conclusions: The conclusions point to teleworking as a potential opportunity for women to return to rural areas in the context of this New Rurality, insofar as it opens up professional spaces for them outside the predominantly masculine primary sector. Nevertheless, we also warn of the dangers of public policies of conciliation, such as the promotion of teleworking, which can increase the feminization of family care.