Amazon, Territory and National Sovereignty: History and Memory of a Territorial Dispute
Abstract
This article revisits relevant but little-known historical episodes that inform the contemporary debate on sustainability, sovereignty, and development in the Amazon. It addresses: (i) the occupation and demarcation of the Brazilian Amazon, as well as the dispute over the Guianas; (ii) the Maury Plan and the proposed «Amazonian Republic»; (iii) the conflict over the territory of Acre at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries; (iv) Nazi interest in the Amazon and the planned invasion of the Guianas; (v) the attempted creation of the International Institute of Amazonian Hylaea (IIHA); and (vi) the Great Lakes Project in the Amazon. Some of these initiatives have been lost in historical debate and are currently little known, even within the region itself. However, they allow us to draw important historical lessons for the contemporary debate, warning us not to repeat the mistakes of the past.
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