Transgresión lógica y semántica en la literatura fantástica contemporánea: análisis de unos relatos de Julio Cortázar a la luz de la bi-lógica de Ignacio Matte Blanco

Abstract

The contemporary fantastic short story differs from the 19th century one because of some particular features, which essentially change the logic of the genre by giving it a transgressive nature which were almost unknown to the classic fantastic. On the one hand, the 20th century most innovative fantastic short stories commit a semantic transgression, as far as they refuse the transmission of meaning and adopt what we can call a rhetoric of obscurity; on the other hand, most of them are built around a logical transgression, which attacks the classical, aristotelian logic, such as it is defined by the principles of identity, noncontradiction, and excluded middle, and by the notions of time, space and cause-effect relation. This article examines the logical aspect of the fantastic transgression, by applying the chilean psychoanalyst Matte Blanco’s theory on “Bi-logic” to the analysis of some Julio Cortazar’s fantastic short stories, which are particularly emblematic of the most important types of transgression, namely: infringements of the principle of identity; temporal and spatial transgressions; violations of the relationship between the part and the whole and between the parts; logical interferences in the relationship between the concrete and the abstract.