The photographs of Banco de España first women employees (1905-1907)
Abstract
This article presents the series of the first photographic identification portraits of Banco de España employees that were taken between 1905 and 1907 by José Irigoyen Zabaleta, the bank’s first staff photographer. Among the 280 preserved portraits from the aforementioned series, the article focuses on the photographs of the only three women in the set, Carmen Esteban, Engracia Herranz and Calixta Bravo. Among them, Carmen and Engracia were the first female employees to join the Banco de España in 1901 as maids of the cleaning service. The article offers the historical context of the creation of the portraits and some data to improve their understanding, through the analysis of the photographs themselves, the documents contained in their personal files and other documentary and bibliographic sources.
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