El anonimato en las donaciones de engendramiento: filiación e identidad narrativa infantil en tiempos de descasamiento

Abstract

Many european countries have decided to lift up the anonimity about sperm and egg donations in the assisted reproduction -AR- processes . At this time, when France begins to check the bioethic law, this article shows why in a kinship sociology based on a comparative and historical anthropology and faithful to the Marcel Mauss approach, allows to update this debate in three ways. First, shows that to lift up the anonimity entails a general transformation on the way to understand the donations on the AR, distinguishing from now on between two complementary status: the donor of reproductive material and the parents by filiation. Secondly, shows that the engender concept as “complex human action” can help us to leave the biased opinions that commonly separates two irreconciliables scenes: the one of the “gametes donation” -eclipsing the doctors- and the other of the “assisted reproduction” - eclipsing the donnors-. To sum up, shows how the anonimity rests implicitly on a particular representation of the filiation: the traditional and lawful parenthood. The author encourage to weight up the decisive dimention of the gender on the Assisted Reproduction at large way and to relocate the bioethical reflection within a more general reflection about the contemporary transformations of the kinship and the basic conditions for the construction of the children´s speech identity.