El estudio de los estereotipos a través del análisis de relatos

Abstract

This work summarizes an investigation on the analysis of narrations (textbooks used in Chile, Cuba, México, Peru and Spain, to explain the “History” subject) as stories generated in societies with different historical, cultural and political dynamics. Subsequently, it concludes proposing the meaning that must be attributed to the results, taking into consideration the place where such nar-rations have been produced and used. This investigation pursues a better un-derstanding of the national endo-stereotypes and exo-stereotypes, relating their communicative construction with motivations and needs. Albeit such needs were not explicit in the History text-books, they can be brought to light recur- ring to content analysis, when it is con-ducted with the appropriate techniques to study the mediating functions of narra-tions. By mediation we mean an “activity that sets limits to what can be said and the ways of saying it, by means of a system of order” (Martín Serrano, 1977: 54).