Development and Needs for the 21st Century (a De-Growing Approach)
Abstract
This paper tries to review Ivan Illich’s ideas on development. The starting point will be publication in 1992 of The Dictionary of Development (Sachs, 2009), where a short piece by Illich, “Needs”, is included. The book has become a reference for present studies on degrowth. There is a difficulty to define what is a need from classical thinking and there is a comparison with Maslow and other authors. There is a different interpretation of “need” after the fall of communism and there are also different alternatives such as degrowth that should be taken into account.
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