Promoting mental fitness in the context of active ageing policies: Comparative analysis of action programme objectives in eight countries

Carmen Romo Parra; Miguel Ángel García-Martín; María Teresa Vera Balanza; José Jesús Delgado Peña

doi:10.5209/cuts.73643

Carmen Romo Parra Universidad de Málaga
Miguel Ángel García-Martín Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1819-0271
María Teresa Vera Balanza Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-4469
José Jesús Delgado Peña Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5807-1317

Palabras clave: envejecimiento, políticas de bienestar, programas sociales, intervención psicosocial, objetivos

Resumen

En el marco de una población europea cada vez más envejecida, existe una creciente demanda de políticas y
estrategias destinadas a mantener o estimular las capacidades cognitivas de los adultos mayores. Los programas de estimulación mental buscan mantener y promover el bienestar emocional y psicológico de las personas mayores, permitiéndoles satisfacer las demandas de la vida cotidiana. Aunque muchos países europeos han puesto en práctica programas y servicios dentro de un amplio marco de envejecimiento activo, no existen directrices normalizadas sobre cómo hacerlo. Con el fin de aprender más sobre estos programas y servicios y proporcionar información útil para la toma de decisiones por parte de los responsables políticos, realizamos un estudio comparativo de las iniciativas emprendidas en ocho países diferentes.
Utilizando una metodología cualitativa de análisis de contenido, examinamos los objetivos fijados — en cuanto a actitudes, conocimientos y habilidades — de 116 programas y servicios puestos en práctica en estos países. En general, los resultados mostraron que los objetivos de habilidad son mucho más comunes que los centrados en las actitudes y el conocimiento. Un análisis de redes más específico también proporcionó información sobre cómo las subcategorías de cada uno de los tres tipos de objetivos se relacionan entre sí. Las conclusiones obtenidas tienen repercusiones prácticas para la planificación futura de los programas de estimulación mental.

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Biografía del autor/a

Carmen Romo Parra, Universidad de Málaga

Contratada Doctora Interina. Departamento de Psicología Social, Trabajo Social, Antropología Social y Estudios de Asia Oriental (Área de Trabajo Social).

Miguel Ángel García-Martín, Universidad de Málaga

Miguel Ángel García-Martín received a PhD in Psychology (with distinction) from the University of Malaga in 2000, and he is currently Associate Professor at the same university. His undergraduate teaching focuses on the application of psychology to research and psychosocial intervention with socially disadvantaged groups. He has also contributed to several Master’s degrees and doctoral programmes, notably Family Social Psychology, Family Relations and Quality of Life, and he currently coordinates the Social Intervention in Aging module on the Master’s in Social and Community Research and Intervention. His research interests are focused on the areas of social services for children at risk of social exclusion, foster care and psychosocial intervention with children and their families, and subjective wellbeing. His work as a researcher has been published in the following journals: Social Indicators Research, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Children and Youth Services Review, Journal of Social Work, International Journal of Social Work, Annals of Psychology, Psychological Writings, Activities, Adaptation & Aging, Journal of Women and Aging, Salud (i) Ciencia, International Journal of Psychology, International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation and Psicologia di Comunitá.

María Teresa Vera Balanza, Universidad de Málaga

Teresa Vera Balanza is Associate Professor in the Department of Journalism and Vice Dean for Academic Planning, Teaching Staff and Equality in the Faculty of Communication Sciences at the University of Malaga. She currently coordinates two research projects:‘Youth produsage in social networks and manifestations of gender inequality: New forms of violence’ (FEM2017-83302-C3-2-P; an R+D+i plan of Spain’s Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, 2018-2021), and the Erasmus+ project KA204‘Arguments against aggression: Strategies and tools against hate speech in face-to-face encounters and in social media’ (2018-DE02-KA204-005060; European Union, 2018-2020). Her most recent publications include: ‘Beyond Wikileaks: The Iceland modern initiative and the creation of free speech havens’, International Journal of Communication, 6, 2012, http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1437, with F. Fernández Cabello-Delgado; ‘El movimiento Femen en España. Culturas políticas y acciones comunicativas en un contexto de reacción’ [The Femen movement in Spain: Political cultures and communicative actions in a reactionary context], Revista Internacional de Comunicación y Desarrollo, 1-2, pp. 121-131, 2015; and ‘La violencia machista a la luz de las interpretaciones de las noticias aparecidas en los informativos’ [Interpreting representations of male violence in television news broadcasts], in Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 71, pp. 912-939, 2016. http://www.revistalatinacs.org/071/paper/1127/47es.html, with I. Postigo Gómez and A. Cortés González.

José Jesús Delgado Peña, Universidad de Málaga

José Jesús Delgado Peña received a degree in Audiovisual Communication and a doctorate in Geography from the University of Malaga. He has coordinated several research groups, notably in the field of educational innovation and lifelong learning, including six national projects in Spain, one regional project (Application of new ICTs to improve university teaching), four projects at the University of Malaga (on teaching digital competences) and two projects for Spain’s Ministry of Science and Technology (Social and digital competences in university programmes for older adults in Spain). He has also coordinated a number of European projects, including E-Com+45 (on social and digital competences in older adult education), KIFLI (on promoting physical activity as part of older adult education), MENTA50+ (promoting cognitive functioning in older adults) and TICTac+55 (teaching older adults to use ICT). He currently coordinates the e-Civeles project on gamification and awareness of cultural heritage, and is involved in the D-Cult project, the aim of which is to create a virtual museum comprising works created by migrants, merging their own values with those of European culture. He is currently Director of Classroom 55+at the University of Malaga.

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