Bonne fin, mauvaise fin: le dénouement comme lieu polémique à l'âge classique
Abstract
La reflexión desarrollada en este artículo toma como punto de partida la distinción elaborada por Michel Charles entre texto y discurso, para luego diferenciar dos conjuntos de premisas, muy distintas pero coexistentes en la época clásica, que determinan la lectura de novelas: la lectura retórica, que lee la obra como un discurso abierto, manejable, complementable y adaptable, y la lectura hermenéutica, que cierra el texto y lo considera como intocable. Mientras que en la lectura retórica, las elecciones del autor están sometidas a una evaluación basada en criterios de verosimilitud y de coherencia interna, la lectura hermenéutica respeta las opciones del autor como una libertad fundamental del escritor. Es en el desenlace donde la distinción entre la lectura retórica y la hermenéutica se hace sentir con mayor intensidad: una lectura retórica corregirá el final proponiendo posibles continuaciones que apuntan a un final "mejor"; la lectura hermenéutica, en cambio, considera el final - fundamentalmente arbitrario - como la referencia crucial del texto, que motiva y justifica, retrospectivamente, todo lo demás. - The main argument of this article starts from the distinction between text and discourse, elaborated by Michel Charles, to then pass on to an account of two sets of premises, which are very different, yet coexistent in the Classical Age and which determine the reading of novels: the rhetorical reading, which reads the work like a discourse, open, manageable, apt to completion and adaptable, on the one hand, and the hermeneutic reading which "closes" a text, by considering it as untouchable, on the other hand. While a rhetorical interpretation submits the author's choices to an evaluation according to the criteria of likelihood (vraisemblance) and internal coherence, a hermeneutic reading respects those choices as the author's fundamental liberty. It is in the novels' outcome that the divide between the two types of interpretation becomes the most apparent: a rhetorical reading will correct the novel's ending by suggesting continuations which bend the story to a "better" ending; in a hermeneutic reading, on the contrary, the work's ending, while in fact fundamentally arbitrary, will be considered a crucial reference point within the text, which retrospectively motivates and justifies all the rest.Downloads
Article download
License
In order to support the global exchange of knowledge, the journal Thélème. Revista Complutense de Estudios Franceses is allowing unrestricted access to its content as from its publication in this electronic edition, and as such it is an open-access journal. The originals published in this journal are the property of the Complutense University of Madrid and any reproduction thereof in full or in part must cite the source. All content is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 use and distribution licence (CC BY 4.0). This circumstance must be expressly stated in these terms where necessary. You can view the summary and the complete legal text of the licence.