Chemobrain: Review of studies assessing cognitive impairment in cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy

Abstract

The problem: Some cancer patients have expressed attention, concentration and memory problems, during and after their treatment with chemotherapy, also called chemobrain. Following these complains, in recent decades, studies about this adverse effect had increased. Development of the topic: this work aims to review and analyze the latest scientific studies investigating the nature and severity of cognitive impairment associated with chemotherapy treatments. Works discussed are drowned from different bibliographical sources, mainly from the PubMed database. Results show that, in recent years, longitudinal studies have increased, chemobrain is being studied above all in samples from women with breast cancer, research in other types of cancer is insufficient. Also, the works include new assessment tools, such as MRI and EEG. Advances are done with animal experiments, in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we found studies on drugs and effective strategies for coping of cognitive impairment. The development of guidelines for its systematic study and recommendations for its approach are still pending. Conclusion: There is not conclusive data on the chemobrain, longitudinal studies should be encouraged, as well as assessing the cognitive impact of certain chemotherapeutic agents in different cancers. The works on cognitive impairment´s coping, psychological and drug, should continue.