Bentham and His Offspring: Alternative Approaches to the Utilitarian Conception of Rationality (and Why It May Not Constitute a Path to a Meaningful Life)
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the utilitarian concept of the rationality from Jeremy Bentham's perspective, who formulated in the nineteenth century the classical definition of utilitarian rationality as a “hedonistic calculus”. This concept was then articulated in the intellectual traditions of Cambridge and Oxford, but advanced by Australian and American philosophers. The article evaluates four key criticisms of the classical utilitarian framework and finally draws some conclusions, casting doubts on its adequacy as a guide to meaningful human life.
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