The Inverted: Homosexuality(s) and Gender in Early Francoism
Abstract
Under the Franco regime, diverse mechanisms were used to penalize homosexuality, and they intensified since 1954, with the approval of an added article to the Vagrancy Law of 1933.The opening of new judicial files for historical research has made it possible to explore the meanings that homosexuality had in judgments during these years. In this article, I argue that, despite the ambiguities of Spanish legislation on the topic, police, forensic and judges were prone to punish what they considered to be “inversion” in terms of gender, rather than penalizing homosexual desire and practice. Gender order and certain understanding of the inverted body would determine the evolution towards an increasing regularization and control of what the defined as a homosexual subject.
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