Identification of priority recovery areas through the study of erosion dynamics in the Carapiranga river watershed
Abstract
Water erosion, intensified by the transformation of natural areas into agricultural and urbanized zones, contributes to soil depletion and sedimentation in water bodies. This study evaluates soil loss in the Carapiranga River Basin, identifying vulnerable areas for 2020 and 2025 through the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Markov Chain model. The methodology incorporates factors of rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and conservation practices, prioritizing restoration in high-risk areas and analyzing the compliance of Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) with the 2012 Forest Code. By 2025, an improvement in soil stability was projected, with the proportion of areas experiencing mild soil loss increasing from 90.29% to 93.07%. Finally, the study proposes the implementation of Payment for Environmental Services (PES), environmental education programs, and a plan for recovering degraded areas to strengthen the basin's sustainability.
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