Variability of wetlands in La Mancha Húmeda (Spain) between 1984 and 2025
Abstract
This paper analyses the evolution of some wetlands of La Mancha Húmeda (Spain) between 1984-2025, with the aim of knowing their temporal variability and the possible trend of inland wetlands according to their location, origin, water management and degree of seasonality. For this purpose, images from the Landsat and Sentinel 2 satellites have been used, from which the spectral enhancements that offer the most information on shallow water levels are selected: NDWI, NDSI, IHS and principal components. The multitemporal study of these wetlands, validated by field and laboratory data, allows us to affirm a loss of water volume accentuated in the last decade, although with a remarkable recovery of the water sheets of the wetlands. The progressive loss of water volume is due to the combination of several causes: prolonged drought, reduction in the level of aquifers, reduction of anthropogenic contributions to some wetlands and less availability of surface water for these natural spaces.
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