El impacto de la mastectomía en la imagen corporal y en la sexualidad de mujeres con cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática
- Bárbara Martins Faria Federal University of Uberlândia. Minas Gerais - Brazil
- Isabela Martins Rodrigues Federal University of Uberlândia. Minas Gerais - Brazil
- Leticia Verri Marquez Federal University of Uberlândia. Minas Gerais - Brazil
- Uriel da Silva Pires Federal University of Uberlândia. Minas Gerais - Brazil
- Stefan Vilges de Oliveira Federal University of Uberlândia. Minas Gerais - Brazil
Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la mastectomía en la imagen corporal y sexualidad de mujeres con cáncer de mama, y proporcionar una comprensión general de su calidad de vida. Método: Esta revisión siguió las directrices PRISMA. Se buscó la expresión “Mastectomy AND (sexuality OR “body image”)” en las bases de datos Lilacs, Scielo, Pubmed y Scopus. Se seleccionaron artículos publicados en inglés, portugués y español entre 2010 y 2020. Los textos fueron analizados por parejas. Resultados: El 69,3% (43) de los estudios muestran que la mastectomía empeora la imagen corporal, el funcionamiento sexual y la calidad de vida de las mujeres. Procedimientos menos radicales, como la cirugía conservadora de la mama, mostraron menor impacto. La reconstrucción mamaria puede mitigar los impactos de las cirugías. Conclusión: La mastectomía causó mayores impactos con respecto a imagen corporal, funcionamiento sexual y calidad de vida. Estas implicaciones deben considerarse durante la elección terapéutica.
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