The role of women in spa tourism in Spain: an invisible issue for rural development?

Keywords: Health tourism, Wellbeing, Gender geography, Rural areas
Agencies: The research has been developed within the framework of the following projects: FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades under Grant B-HUM-460-UGR20 “Los territorios rurales andaluces ante la despoblación y el envejecimiento: retos y oportunidades” [“Rural Andalusian regions in the face of depopulation and aging: challenges and opportunities”]; and “Hacia el desarrollo sostenible del mundo rural andaluz, también por el voluntariado” VOLUNTARI@S-RURALES. C-HUM-355 UGR23. Proyecto de Investigación Aplicada del Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Granada 2023, financiados por el Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2021-2027.

Abstract

Spa tourism in Spain has not been addressed using a gender perspective. This situation has meant that the role of women in spas has been rendered invisible, and entailed negative consequences for rural development. The aim is to critically analyze, through a gender-based approach, the presence of women in the employment, use, and management/ownership of Spanish spas today, in order to identify the possible social, economic, and regional consequences. We have used a methodology based on triangulation, thus obtaining differentiated and more complete information. The results show a high degree of feminization of spa tourism in Spain, although female representation is unevenly distributed across the different components of the tourism system. We conclude with some strategies to promote the inclusion of women in spa tourism, fostering equality of opportunity and contributing to the development of sustainable and equitable tourism in rural areas in Spain with spas.

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Published
2025-07-03
How to Cite
Pinos-Navarrete, A., Maroto-Martos, J. C., Carballo-Cruz, E., & Egea-Hernández, M. (2025). The role of women in spa tourism in Spain: an invisible issue for rural development? Anales de Geografía de la Universidad Complutense, 45(1), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.5209/aguc.99813
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Articles