Magnetita biomimética mediada por proteínas del magnetosoma vs. magnetita del meteorito ALH84001: ¿Son ambas comparables?
- Adrián Barry-Sosa Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n 18071, Granada,
- Concepción Jiménez-López Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n 18071, Granada
Resumen
La sugerencia en 1996 de que el meteorito marciano ALH84001 pudiese contener pruebas de posible actividad biológica en el pasado ha generado una gran controversia que aún persiste hoy. Una de las evidencias más discutidas es la presencia de cristales de magnetita que se asemejan a aquellos producidos por un grupo particular de bacterias, las bacterias magnetotácticas (MTB). Estos microorganismos son el único ejemplo de mineralización controlado biológicamente conocido entre procariotas y ejerce un control delicado sobre el proceso de biomineralización de la magnetita intracelular que resulta en la formación de cristales con características únicas que, hasta ahora, no han podido ser replicadas por medios inorgánicos. Estas características únicas se han usado para reconocer el origen biológico de magnetitas terrestres naturales, pero el problema aparece cuando los mismos criterios de biogenicidad se aplican a magnetitas extraterrestres. La mayoría de los problemas se deben a que no está claro si alguna de esas características puede ser reproducida inorgánicamente. La síntesis mediada por proteínas del magnetosoma parece ser la mejor aproximación para obtener magnetitas similares a las de los magneto mejor aproximación para obtener magnetitas similares a las de los magnetosomas, y dicha estrategia podría ayudar a clarificar cual es la biosignatura específica de las bacterias magnetotácticas.Descargas
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