Dialéctica ideológica regional por la integración y la cooperación para el desarrollo y la seguridad

Abstract

South America undergoes an increasingly polarized political process, which is the consequence of incompatible visions of cooperation for development and security. The sub-regional institutions of integration undergo a crisis which will probably not be solved by the UNASUR, as the States are following two radically different policies: the first, focuses on a world-open integration, based on democracy as the form of government, free trade as the recipy for economic development, respect for Human Rights as political ethics and the observance of the principles of sovereignty and of noninterference in the internal policy of foreign countries relative to international cooperation. The second, advocates a closed region-centered integration, and puts forward a transnational socialist and revolutionary project that is democratically regressive and essentially anti- USA. The ideological and verbal aggressiveness, and the intervention in the inner policy of other countries, have reached such a critical level, that for the first time since the XIXth century, hypothetical sub-regional wars come to be feared, that might eventually affect the peace, stability, and governability of the whole region, while the current context is one of political pressures to every country and integration´s regional institution, to take sides, breaking thus their neutrality.