Achilles tendon injuries. Diagnostic Imaging
Abstract
Achilles tendon injuries are among of the most frequent sources of pain in the foot. Often they arise as a result of sport activity, although sometimes there are biomechanical or morphological alterations, inappropriate footwear, the association to systemic pathology and the consumption of medicaments. The types of Achilles tendon injuries are the tendinopathy, paratendinopathy and tear of tendon, which can be either acute or chronic. On the other hand, this tendon can never present tenosinovitis due to the absence of a real synovial sheath.
Diagnosing the type of injury and its degree becomes essential, as this has important therapeutic effects. For the diagnosis of this pathology the most recommended image–tests are ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR). The semiology of these techniques is described in this paper.
The most frequent injuries associated to the pathology of the Achilles tendon are retrocalcaneal bursitis, retro–achilles bursitis, Haglund´s deformity and plantar fasciitis.
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