Percepción de los emprendedores y su relación con la intención emprendedora social y tradicional. El caso de estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Ciencia Política y Sociología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Jorge Torres-Ortega Universidad de Santiago de Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6420
- Andrés Walliser Martínez Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Davor Ibarra-Pérez Universidad de Santiago de Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1972-6085
- Byron Duhalde Universidad de Santiago de Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0235-8623
- Valentina Hernández-Muñoz Universidad de Valencia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-8322
Resumen
Este estudio analiza los factores que inciden en la intención emprendedora, tanto tradicional como social, en estudiantes universitarios, considerando su percepción sobre las personas emprendedoras. A partir de los principales constructos teóricos del emprendimiento tradicional y social, se empleó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para evaluar una muestra de 198 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencia Política y Sociología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Los resultados indican que la intención emprendedora tradicional está asociada principalmente a factores individuales, como la actitud hacia el emprendimiento y la alerta emprendedora, mientras que la intención social depende en mayor medida del ecosistema emprendedor y del apoyo institucional. Asimismo, se observa que los estudiantes con orientación tradicional tienden a valorar positivamente a quienes crean negocios, identificándolos como referentes, mientras que aquellos con orientación social adoptan una postura más crítica, vinculando el emprendimiento con fines lucrativos. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de diferenciar las estrategias formativas y las políticas de apoyo en función del tipo de emprendimiento. La investigación aporta al conocimiento sobre las diferencias entre ambos perfiles emprendedores y sus implicaciones en el ámbito universitario.
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