Cuadernos de Documentación Multimedia (ISSN-e 1575-9733), published within the Department’s Multimedia Documentation Service/Library and Documentation Section, endeavours to be the leading journal on information and communication in the ICT field, as well as regarding research on multimedia information, related both to the media and how it adapts to other traditional documentary institutions. Research on management, processing, digitalisation, terminology checks, case studies, network information studies, multimedia documentary administrators, etc. are all topics covered by the CDM.
Sección Departamental de Biblioteconomía y Documentación
In order to support the global exchange of knowledge, the journal Cuadernos de Documentación Multimedia is allowing unrestricted access to its content as from its publication in this electronic edition, and as such it is an open-access journal. The originals published in this journal are the property of the Complutense University of Madrid and any reproduction thereof in full or in part must cite the source. All content is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 use and distribution licence (CC BY 4.0). This circumstance must be expressly stated in these terms where necessary. You can view the summary and the complete legal text of the licence.
Usos, lenguajes y formatos en las Redes Sociales de los zapatos de moda: @flabelus
This article proposes a study focused on the uses, formats, and languages of the content published on the Instagram social network by the @Flabelus account, a Spanish footwear brand founded in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic that has 390,000 followers on Instagram.In a context where social networks function simultaneously as a space for communication, a living archive and an ephemeral repository of interactions between brands and users, this analysis positions Flabelus' content as cultural documents representing the brand universe as a link to the digital and communication community in more than 40 markets. The distribution of the product across four continents worldwide implies a transnational audience, which requires Flabelus to design discursive and aesthetic strategies linking visual, sound and narrative codes to the logic of Instagram, which brings together the practices of all social networks. The study analyses a qualitative sample of posts extracted from this social network using Transana software, which will be examined through discourse analysis to determine (1) what languages—visual, verbal, audio—it uses to address its audiences; (2) what formats are most effective for the digital positioning of the product; and (3) how the brand uses social media. Preliminary results suggest that the use of aesthetics, format type and linguistic register are strategically tailored to a global audience, maintaining consistency with the brand's values.
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Breakbeat Culture and Identity in Andalusia: The Role of Instagram in Representing a Marginal Scene
Since the 1990s, breakbeat—a subgenre of electronic dance music—has become established in Andalusia, driven by the influence of British tourism on the Costa del Sol, and has given rise to a subcultural scene within the national music landscape. From a perspective that incorporates techniques from communication studies, social sciences, and ethnomusicology, this article examines several factors that highlight the identity-related significance this music holds for a segment of the Andalusian population. Through content analysis of audiovisual publications (reels) on Instagram accounts during 2023 and 2024, the study explores the ways in which this community constructs its own narratives, visualizes its practices, and redefines its position within the contemporary soundscape.
Audiovisual tour of the Campsa - Guide: evolutionary analysis of a historical publication (1996 -2008)
This article is the second part of a documentary analysis of the television advertising campaigns for the Guía Campsa, following the study “Recorrido audiovisual de la Guía Campsa: análisis evolutivo de una publicación histórica (1988 -1995)”.The main objective is to examine the evolution of these campaigns during the period 1996–2008, a stage marked by the prominence of figures from Spanish cinema and television, replacing the literary prescriber who had featured in the earlier phase. Through documentary analysis and detailed timing of the television spots, the study explores two distinct periods: 1997–2003, during the peak of Spanish cinema, and 2004–2008, coinciding with the rise of national television fiction. The article concludes in 2008, the year prior to the rebranding of Guía Campsa as Guía Repsol, which will be addressed in a third installment.
“Ninguna niña o mujer merece pasar por todo esto”: Participación española en la protesta contra los crímenes deepfake en Corea del Sur de 2024
In an increasingly digitised world, the development of new technologies is unfortunately accompanied by new forms of violence against women. South Korea is a highly developed country in this field, and the number of sex crimes related to deepfakes (images manipulated using artificial intelligence) and their dissemination through messaging channels has increased alarmingly there. The discovery of a Telegram channel with over 220,000 members where deepfakes of hundreds of women, primarily students, were disseminated marked a turning point for Korean women. On 1 September 2024, Korean feminists organised a large protest that took place both in person and online. In response to attempts by the media to downplay the incident, the activists urged feminists worldwide to raise awareness of the situation in South Korea. This article examines Spanish participation in the protest. To this end, tweets using the hashtag #Digital_Sex_Crimes_in_School were analysed. The results show that Spanish feminists considered international solidarity among women to be essential in raising awareness of the deepfake scandal. They also emphasised that just because something does not happen in a particular country does not mean that it cannot happen there, and therefore it should not be considered a foreign problem despite geographical barriers. Finally, they emphasised the importance of collaborating to demand institutional responses to the increasing digital misogyny.
Representations of class and marginality in the films of Sebastián Cordero
This study analyzes the representations of social inequality and class conflicts in Ecuadorian cinema through the discourse analysis of three films by director Sebastián Cordero: Ratas, ratones y rateros (1999), Pescador (2011) and Sin muertos no hay carnaval (2016). From a qualitative approach, film discourse analysis was used based on a categorical matrix structured on three levels: denotative, connotative and cultural. The films were selected through theoretical sampling for their thematic relevance, social criticism and recognition within national cinema. The theoretical framework addresses inequality as a multidimensional phenomenon linked to structural poverty, social stereotypes and audiovisual narratives. The use of dirty realism as an aesthetic resource that makes marginality visible and promotes critical reflection is also discussed. The results show how the films represent territorial inequalities, structural violence, family fragmentation and tensions between popular and high culture. Symbolisms related to exclusion, drug trafficking, land disputes and death as a consequence of social precariousness are evidenced. It also highlights the way in which cinema contributes to the construction of social imaginaries, reproducing or questioning racial and class stereotypes. In conclusion, Cordero's films portray complex realities and propose a critical look at the social structures that perpetuate inequality in Ecuador. Thus, these works are positioned as cultural tools that invite a deep analysis of the relationship between class, power and culture.
Users and Video Platforms in Relation to the New Registry of Providers under Spain’s General Audiovisual Communication Law 13/2022
This article examines the establishment and functioning of Spain’s State Registry of Audiovisual Communication Service Providers, introduced by Law 13/2022 of July 7 (General Audiovisual Communication Law, LGCA), and its relationship with Directive (EU) 2018/1808 (AVMSD) and Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (DSA). The study explores how the registry adapts to the convergent digital ecosystem, encompassing video-sharing platform service providers (PIV) and users of special relevance (UER). It outlines the legal foundations, registration procedures, transparency obligations, and the supervisory role of bodies such as the National Commission on Markets and Competition (CNMC). Furthermore, it assesses the registry’s impact on platform oversight and UER activities, addressing current challenges and future prospects, particularly regarding self-regulation, co-regulation, and user protection in the evolving digital environment.
Gómez-Díaz, Raquel y Agustín-Lacruz, Carmen (2025). Con Netflix y a lo loco: aprender y entretenerse. Editorial UOC. Profesional de la información; 60.
Review of the book titled "With Netflix and Crazy: Learning and Entertainment" by authors Raquel Gómez-Díaz and Carmen Agustín-Lacruz, published by UOC Publishing.
The Spanish Cinema of Journalists from Dictatorship to Democracy: A Comparative Analysis between Franco's Cinema and the Cinema of Transition (1942-1983
This paper analyses and compares the cinematographic profile of the Spanish journalist during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco and during the Transition. A content analysis has been carried out on 19 films shot and released between 1942 and 1983. The TRANSLITEME portal, a project open to the continuous incorporation of new works that may be relevant for the cultural study of the Transition, generated by the ‘Transficción’ group of the Government of Aragón, has played an important role in this research.
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Visual imaginary of Human Rights and digital iconography
Human rights were proclaimed in 1948. Since then, a collective imaginary has been forged around this concept. The objectives of this research are, on the one hand, if there is a correlation between the images that make up the visual imaginaries and those offered by Google Images, as the hegemonic image search engine. On the other hand, to analyze these images, to see how the idea of human rights is represented in contemporary times and how digital iconographies contribute to continuing to feed this imaginary. To this end, two working methodologies were combined: the constructed week (Riffe, 1993) and the design of an open questionnaire with a mixed response option (textual or graphic) applied to a group of people. The study concludes that: (1) when we speak of human rights in the abstract and in a general way, we obtain mostly symbolic and graphic images with a positive and hopeful connotation; (2) when we concretize, the images we obtain no longer show ideals of the future, but rather are photographic images, which show us a cruder reality and remind us that there is still much to be done in the area of human rights
The Biodigital Paradigm in the Universe of Superheroes: Convergence of Technology and Biology in Contemporary Narrative
At the end of the 20th century, the aesthetic transformation in superhero cinema reflects a transition from a mechanistic approach to a deep integration with the biological, influenced by technological advances and biological discoveries. This transformation redefines the genre, providing new visual and narrative dimensions. Bio-aesthetics, as proposed by Katya Mandoki, offers a theoretical framework to understand this transition, considering aesthetics as a science of sensible knowledge based on the evolution of living beings. This perspective allows us to analyze how sensory and emotional experiences are reflected in the visual narrative of contemporary cinema. The study examines this evolution through five emblematic cases: "Superman," "Aquaman," "Spider-Man," “Wonder Woman,” and "The Avengers." Each film shows how bio-aesthetics redefines the superhero genre, using biological and technological elements to resonate with our evolutionary sensibilities. Bio-aesthetics also introduces an ethical dimension, inviting us to consider the implications of our interventions in nature. By recognizing the interconnection between biology and aesthetics, superhero films not only reflect scientific and technological advances but also explore their ethical and existential implications, offering a reflection on the impact of biotechnology in our contemporary era.
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Analysis and characteristics of program production at TVE Cataluña (1959-2019)
This article examines the television genres that have been prominent in the programs produced by TVE Catalonia during its first sixty years of existence (1959-2019). The prevalence of specific genres has shaped the type of programs produced and has come to define and specialize the production of TVE Catalonia, resulting in a recognizable production model that has been maintained for over six decades. The article also aims to illustrate the fluctuations in program production that have occurred during this time, which has been a decisive factor in shaping TVE Catalonia. The data obtained from research on the evolution of program production at TVE Catalonia over the last sixty years is presented, based on a comprehensive analysis of all of its productions for the first time.
Educommunication in adolescent students: radio and podcasts as instruments for sexual education
Educommunication has become a solid discipline in the training of citizens in the face of the excess generation of media content and whose validity condition generates different disorders in communication ecosystems. This proposal presents results regarding the influence of the use of radio and podcasts as tools for teaching sexual education in young adolescents who attend Higher Secondary Education (EMS) in México, through a mixed-dominant quantitative type of research, based on a non-experimental design, whose analysis of the phenomenon is descriptive and transectional. The data collection comes from a probabilistic sampling of 348 participating subjects from five educational institutions located in a Mexican city with a marked influence of radio as a fundamental medium for content consumption by citizens. The study is divided into three sections: (1) sociodemographic data; (2) perceptions towards the sexual education received in the classroom; and (3) perceptions towards radio and podcasts as sexual education resources. The main findings of the research are oriented towards the high acceptance of the podcast as an effective means of promoting sexual education, above the radio and the training received in the classroom, classifying these options as low impact.
Creation, development, exhibition and research of the “Pioneros del cine chaqueño” collection housed in the “Pablo Ducrós Hicken” Film Museum
This article seeks to introduce the creation and development of the “Pioneros del Cine Chaqueño” Collection. A collection which is currently being stored at the Museo del Cine Pablo Ducrós Hicken in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. This valuable collection is mainly made up of audiovisual elements in film format from the 1960’s and 1970’s, all of which were produced by filmmakers from the Chaco Province of Argentina. Approximately forty titles form this collection. These films cover a wide variety of genres including fiction, documentary, animation, experimental cinema and advertisement, among others. These productions, made entirely in the Chaco Province, have been historically excluded from the predominant narratives of Argentine national cinema, which traditionally center around Buenos Aires-based productions. The “Pioneros del Cine Chaqueño” Collection emerged from a research project of the same name, initiated in 2019 in the city of Resistencia, Chaco, under the tutelage of the Instituto de Investigaciones Geohistóricas (IIGHI, CONICET/UNNE). Through this project, more than eighty audiovisual works produced by entirely local production teams were identified and cataloged, although unfortunately more than half of these works have been lost or have not yet been found. This article seeks to offer a reflection on the collection and its importance, especially considering that its creators Franco Passarelli y Leandro Varela, are also the authors of this work. The research not only documents the genesis and development of the collection, but also highlights the need for research, preservation and dissemination of the audiovisual works in the collection. In this way, it aims to contribute to the historical and audiovisual memory of the Argentine Northeast region and also to help think about new film conservation projects in Argentina.
Disinformation and memetics: replication and mutation of antivaccine arguments in informative content
Disinformation about vaccination is as old as the origin of the vaccines that emerged at the end of the 18th century, its reach is transnational and it has posed a challenge not only to the information landscape, but also to public health, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the fake news spread by anti-vaccine advocates was disproved during prior epidemics, the old anti-vaccine ideas were resurrected in a hypermedia digital ecosystem that multiplied the replication of disinformation, especially during the pandemic. This paper aims to determine whether there are memetic characteristics in the disinformation disseminated by contemporary anti-vaccine advocates in a sample of disinformation content from both the nineteenth century and the present day. First, the origin of the anti-vaccine movement is documented. Next, formats and means of dissemination of disinformation from its origins to Covid-19 are described. Finally, anti-vaccine arguments from the 19th century are extracted and compared to current ones by applying Dawkins' memetic theory. This study finds that current anti-vaccine ideas contain memetic characteristics of 19th century arguments that have been replicated in fake news, hoaxes, social networks and billboards, resurrecting a disinformation that has eroded the credibility of vaccination. Specifically, the anti-vaccine argument is long-lived, because it persists with similar ideas today, particularly fruitful due to the capacity of replication offered by interactive digital media, but less reliable, because anti-vaccine ideas have mutated adapting to the current social context.
Introduction to the documentation of video games that manage complex narrative variables to introduce political messages
Through the graduation of the following four variables typical of the study of complex narratives: restrictiveness, depth, self-awareness and communicability, different subjectivities can be generated, different ways of understanding a digital society as a reflection of the real ones and construct immersions in them that affect as players from a political approach. In this text we address this issue, providing a methodology to document video games with a political context that avoid appearing to be so by grading these aforementioned variables in their favor.
The difficulties of research in the social history of cinema: Alba de América (Orduña, 1951)
The purpose of this article is to analyze the problems with which research into the social history of cinema must contend eby studying the film Alba de América (Dawn of America) (Orduña, 1951). This movie, which narrates the discovery of America, is considered one of the Regime's leading works of historical propaganda. The academic literature states that it was produced in response to the English film Christopher Columbus (McDonald, 1949) and that important characters such as Carrero Blanco were involved in its production. In order to corroborate these statements and discover omissions existing in terms of the film, we reviewed documentation related to its production. This led to detection of some of the challenges with which all researchers on this topic must grapple: assumption of approaches historically considered to be true, but not confirmed, diverging interests in thematic descriptors of archives, and difficulty in accessing certain collections. Although the research is incomplete, since we were unable to access part of the documentation, the information we found corroborates the need for better and greater access to archives, as well as a more impartial look at Francoist cinematography.
Applications of Augmented Reality from the Audiovisual Documentation Services of televisions
The possible applications of Augmented Reality (AR) are identified from and for the audiovisual documentation services of television companies, therefore identifying new professional tasks that until now are not being developed by the professional profile of the television documentary maker. These new professional tasks will give greater dissemination to the network's audiovisual collection, increasing the potential sale and knowledge of the archive among professionals and society in general. Through the bibliographic review, an analysis of the concept of Augmented Reality is carried out, in addition to describing its relationship with the media in a digital ecosystem and the development of Artificial Intelligence. Likewise, observation of audiovisual (information) products and information in their online content has been developed to determine the integration and current use of AR. In conclusion, AR is given value to integrate archive resources into broadcasts, a key piece for better contextualization of content and as a fundamental tool in the tasks of marketing and selling the archive's audiovisual resources
Archivos Televisivos y Transparencia: Memoria y función documentalista en la obra de Paloma Hidalgo
The documentary collections of television stations are essential resources in the shaping of the imaginary collective memory of the 20th and 21st centuries. The preservation of these archives has facilitated the expression of the identity of countries and cultures. This recognition also implies a technological, maintenance and management challenge for documentalists who are intermediaries in the access of the heritage of audiovisual archives to the public. In Paloma Hidalgo's professional, academic and manager career, the historical status acquired by the archives owned by television stations is permanently present because, despite being business archives, they take on this transcendental dimension by making it possible to study and recompose the transcendental events of the last few decades. Through a bibliographical review of Paloma Hidalgo's publications and the viewing of her interventions in different forums dedicated to television, her perspective on the documentary function in the contribution to collective memory is recovered. This contribution is part of Hidalgo's reflection on the evolution of the profession in the context of digitisation. She concludes that documentalists are revalued in the new organisation resulting from multiplatform newsrooms by being placed at the centre of the production chain. This, however, entails weighing up the possibilities and limits of access to and dissemination of archive content; a process in which the challenge of the documentalist has to harmonise transparency with its limitations.
Audiovisual tour of the CAMPSA Guide: evolutionary analysis of a historical publication (1988-1995)
Throughout this article, an audiovisual tour is made of the Campsa Guide advertisements between the years 1988 and 1995. We will begin this tour by establishing the context in which the Campsa company and the hydrocarbon sector in Spain were founded until the year 1993 when this Compañía Arrendataria del Monopolio de Petróleos (Campsa) came to an end. It continues with the advertising object itself, a travel guide, and ends with all the advertising campaigns starring Camilo José Cela, an illustrious character with an outstanding character, who will be one of the representatives of the term «afterpop», a term that will also be analyzed. The article ends with a documentary analysis (minuted) of these advertising campaigns created for television
Sound Documentation in Spain through Piano Roll collections
The study of music rolls, or perforated paper rolls with musical indications, has been the subject of study and interest in recent years in Spain. Although it is true that the largest collection of music rolls is to be found in the National Library of Spain, various institutions and organisations of all kinds have been bringing these unique collections of musical documents to light. Along with the collections of institutional bodies, other private collections of great interest have also appeared. Through this contribution we will point out some of the ones we’ve studied, noting their singularities and characteristics.
La conservación del espacio dramático Estudio 1 en la edad de oro de TVE
Televised theater had its greatest exponent with the dramatic space Estudio 1 in the golden age of TVE (1965-1969). During those years and until 1981, the RTVE Documentation Center was not created, predecessor of the current RTVE Documentary Fund. This meant that many of these weekly productions were lost due to problems with the conservation of the tapes or because they were re-recorded on top of them. This article aims to know the real broadcasts that were made by Estudio 1 in 1965 and 1966 and not only those collected by the RTVE Archive in RTVE play, as well as to account for their broadcast and authorship data. This cataloging is done through newspaper sources: television schedules and reviews of the newspaper ABC, in its national edition and that of Seville; and weekly magazine TeleRadio. To contextualize the state of the matter, in addition to consulting newspaper and bibliographic sources, in-depth interviews are carried out with those responsible for the Archive, as well as participant observation of the coauthor of the article in her work at TVE. This work confirms the existence of 62 titles, of which RTVE play only confirms video and information for 26.
Sound archives in municipal radio in the Era of platformisation. The case of the Valencian Community
In the Information and Knowledge Society, the irruption of the Internet and its expansion in the 21st century led, among many other things, to greater ease of access to data and information. The media have had to adapt their routines to the new possibilities offered by the network, including the possibility of achieving a global reach. Radio was no stranger to this change and once again showed its resilience in adapting to the new digital ecosystem. This was also the case for the smallest radio stations, municipal radio, which saw how this change meant that its broadcasting was no longer limited to its geographical demarcation but could be heard all over the world using a very economical technology. The aim of this research is to analyse how municipal radio stations in Comunitat Valenciana record and share their sound archives with their audiences in two ways: podcasting and on-demand radio. To carry out this research, a quantitative analysis of the XX municipal radio stations of XX has been carried out, in which it has been observed how these municipal media outlets conserve the programmes that are broadcast on FM over time and how they distribute them through their websites and the different digital audio platforms.
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Videoludic Sound Heritage: Appreciation, Conservation and Sustainability
This article analyzes the main difficulties that must be faced to preserve the sound components of video games. It is also intended to vindicate the need to develop new methodologies that identify and recognize the value of videoludic sound heritage. To this end, a reflection on the main institutional recommendations of UNESCO for the selection, conservation, and sustainability of digital objects is also presented as a starting point for the preparation of future working documents that contemplate specific measures to preserve music and sound. of videogames, essential elements of digital heritage.
Serial and scientific open access publications on multimedia studies. Resource guide
The studies on the multimedia theme in the last years have had a sustained growth from the development of Information Technology and Communications. There are few specialized journals to socialize research on multimedia topics. The objective of the study was to identify the serial and scientific publications that approach multimedia studies in Spanish and to characterize them according to editorial aspects. The systematization of the publications will favor that the researchers that approach the multimedia theme, identify those magazines to which they can send their contributions. To obtain results were used methods at the theoretical and empirical levels, fundamentally the documentary analysis. A directory of scientific journals was developed that addresses the multimedia theme and was organized from editorial indicators such as indexing sources, thematic area, country, electronic address, institution of origin and frequency of publication
Scientific production about university radio (Scopus, 2000-2017)
The phenomenon of university broadcasting has existed for almost a century since its first experiences at universities in the United States and Argentina, but this fact does not correspond to the research carried out on the subject. The objective of the present study is to identify and analyze the scientific production on university radio published in journals indexed in Scopus database in the period 2000-2017 through different bibliometric indicators. The results show that there is a scarce bibliographic production (47 documents), which is maintained throughout the analyzed period and is clearly increasing in the last five years, likewise the majority of documents are grouped in American, Spanish and Latin American institutions. One of the main conclusions is that there is a growing interest in Spain in this topic of research coinciding with the creation of the Asociación de Radios Universitarias de España (ARU).
The level of internationalization of the Degrees in Information and Documentation of Spanish universities: analysis of the languague in the Bibliography of their teaching plans.
To confront the challenge raised to the top education at present is indispensable the knowledge of different languages. The above-mentioned knowledge can be stimulated from the University across diverse mechanisms as the mobility, the formation ruled in languages, or the acquisition of the transverse competition "knowledge of a foreign language" using diverse tools, as the consultation of bibliographical references in foreign languages. It is precisely the latter, the principal component analyzed in the present work, which investigates the internationalization of the studies of Degree in Information and Documentation across the use of foreign languages in the bibliographical references of the educational plans of the Titles of Degree in Information and Documentation given by the Spanish Universities. For it, he analyzes a final number of educational plans with 6924 bibliographical references. The results show a low proportion of references in languages different from the Spanish language, being the English language most used of the foreigners. An increase of references is observed in English in the last courses of the Degrees, the most next the incorporation of the gone away ones to the labor international market.
Information video segmentation on television: the profesional practice to the automatic indentification
It analyzes the different ways in which documentary video segmentation performed in order to identify the minimal discourse unit of analysis in documentation departments of television channels. In parallel, and in response to the digital paradigm shift in television production, analyzes the main formulas developed automatic video segmentation through artificial intelligence. Having determined both realities are trying to implement the best method of segmentation between human and machine, to have its usefulness in information system television documentary. This will provide the main lines of work in semantic video segmentation.